HVAC Systems Explained

by Posted in Home Services Tagged , , , , , , , ,

Hvac Lexington KY systems can seem complicated — and it’s hard to keep up with the jargon, acronyms, and technical terms. Learn about costs, key products, and basic maintenance schedules here to make the best decision for your home.

HVAC includes ductwork, fans, and thermostats. Programmable thermostats and other energy-saving strategies can reduce the system’s workload and improve its efficiency.

Air conditioning is a large part of an HVAC system. Its main function is to cool a space by blowing out high-pressure, low-temperature refrigerant through an evaporator coil. Its secondary function is circulating air, which helps reduce humidity and maintain a consistent temperature throughout the building or home.

In addition to cooling and circulation, air conditioning filters, cleans, and purifies indoor air. This helps ensure a healthier, more comfortable living environment and improves indoor air quality (IAQ). According to the Environmental Protection Agency, studies show that indoor air can be two to five times more polluted than outdoor air. Poor air circulation and ventilation are major contributors to this issue, which a well-designed, well-maintained HVAC system can mitigate.

HVAC systems comprise several units, including air conditioners, furnaces, air handlers, and more. When paired with the right thermostat and ductwork, these units work together to keep homes warm and cozy in winter, and cool and refreshing in summer.

The ductwork system is a network of pipes that carry air from HVAC units throughout the house or building. Its role is to direct the heated or cooled air into rooms where it is needed most, based on temperature and comfort preferences.

A heat pump is a special type of HVAC unit that can both heat and cool a building or home. It works by using a heat exchanger to transfer energy between liquid and gas phases of the refrigerant. This process makes it possible to use an environmentally friendly, non-toxic refrigerant that can both absorb and release heat in order to control indoor temperatures.

When an air conditioner is in operation, the evaporator coil inside of the unit will absorb heat from the indoor air and transfer it to the refrigerant within the unit. The refrigerant is then sent through the compressor, where it becomes a high-pressure, high-temperature gas. It then travels through the condenser, where it releases its heat into the outside air, which is blown out of your space in the form of cooled air.

Heating

In addition to warming or cooling homes and offices, HVAC systems play a vital role in maintaining the quality of indoor air. They do this by continuously drawing in outdoor air, filtering it and distributing it evenly throughout the building. This constant movement of air dilutes and disperses pollutants, which can otherwise build up to dangerous levels and negatively impact your health.

The first component of any HVAC system is an air conditioning unit, which cools and conditions indoor air to improve comfort and regulate humidity. It can be combined with a heating unit, or it can operate separately as a radiant system, window air conditioner or central AC system.

An HVAC system also includes a ventilation network, ductwork and thermostat. Ductwork carries and distributes air from units like furnaces, ACs and heat pumps, and the thermostat controls the overall temperature of your home or office.

When choosing an HVAC system, it’s important to look for a model that has high energy efficiency and low operating costs. An HVAC professional can help you determine the best option for your home or business. They’ll take a variety of factors into consideration, including your energy bills and your preferred temperature settings. They’ll also recommend a system with features that can enhance your indoor air quality, such as an air cleaner or zoning system.

To get the most out of your HVAC system, it’s important to keep up with routine maintenance. Change your air filters often, and clean or replace them when they become saturated with pollen or other debris. This will prevent your system from overworking and running less efficiently. A soiled filter can also make it harder for your evaporator coil to absorb moisture, which can lead to mildew and other problems.

Ventilation

Ventilation is the movement of air around a space, either naturally through open windows or mechanically through systems that include heat exchangers and ducts. It is used to bring in fresh outdoor air, remove stale indoor air and control humidity and temperature within occupied spaces.

Ventilation affects indoor air quality (IAQ) by removing pollutants, reducing odors and excess moisture, and filtering out carbon dioxide. Air pollutants are released from a variety of sources including household cleaning products, paints and building materials, and they can be exacerbated by poor ventilation.

Increasingly, ventilation standards are being included in building design and construction to protect public health and reduce energy costs. These ventilation standards are set by professional engineering associations and state agencies. Some examples of these standards include ensuring that heating systems allow enough hot gases to escape, designing home and office windows to let in fresh air when the weather permits, and providing exhaust ventilation for renovations that can introduce harmful contaminants into homes or offices.

One way to ensure that your ventilation is working properly is to have your HVAC system serviced regularly. The technician will check the ductwork for mold or bacteria, and they can replace filters when needed to keep them clean. The more regularly you have your HVAC system serviced, the cleaner and healthier your home will be.

The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers suggests that homeowners have an air change rate of at least.35 air changes per hour. This means that your HVAC system is bringing in enough outdoor air to dilute and remove pollutants from your home.

It’s important to remember that ventilation alone won’t eliminate all sources of pollution. For example, if you live near a freeway or a coal-burning power plant, the air from those places can come in through your home’s doors and windows, even with your ventilation system running. That’s why it’s also necessary to take steps to prevent those pollutants from entering your home in the first place. You can do this by not smoking or cooking with gas in the house and using natural ventilation systems when possible.

Indoor Air Quality

The quality of air inside buildings has a direct impact on the health, comfort, and performance of people who work, learn, and live there. Poor indoor air quality is often linked to a variety of health problems, especially respiratory conditions. The impact of pollutants may be felt immediately or years after exposure, and some individuals are more sensitive to these pollutants than others.

Common indoor air pollutants include carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds (VOC), and particulate matter. VOCs are emitted by many different products, including paints and adhesives, wood-burning stoves, and household cleaning products. Prolonged exposure to VOCs can cause headaches, dizziness, and other symptoms. Indoor air monitoring systems can help identify sources of VOCs and take steps to reduce them. Particulate matter (PM) is the microscopic component of air pollution that results from combustion, outdoor pollution, and construction activities. PM can trigger a variety of respiratory and cardiovascular symptoms, and it can also lead to eye irritation and fatigue. PM can also be an allergen, causing reactions in susceptible individuals.

Indoor air quality services can improve your family’s health by reducing the number of pollutants in your home’s environment. They can also save energy by reducing your HVAC system’s workload. In addition, they can make your home more comfortable by removing moisture and mold from the air, thus preventing the growth of mildew and dust mites.

Air quality services are available for homes, schools, hospitals, and other types of businesses. They typically begin by conducting a thorough assessment of a building’s environment. They then design customized solutions to eliminate contaminants. They can test for a variety of pollutants, including radon, smoke, mold, and volatile organic compounds.

The most common signs of indoor air quality issues are physical symptoms, such as coughing, sneezing, nosebleeds, and itchy eyes. These symptoms may be more noticeable in certain environments, such as offices or homes where there are a lot of people. They may also appear after a person moves into a new residence, remodels or refurnishes a home, or uses pesticides in the home. Some health effects may be temporary and disappear as soon as the problem is resolved.

The Drain Field of Your Septic Tank

by Posted in Home Services Tagged , , , , , , , , , ,

A septic tank holds wastewater before it enters the drain field, also known as the leach field. Oil and grease float in the top layer of waste, while solids sink to the bottom and form a sludge layer.

A healthy population of bacteria digests contaminants in the septic tank. Using a garbage disposal can increase the amount of solids that clog your septic system. Click here to Learn More.

A drain field is a key part of a septic system that prevents environmental pollution by keeping unpleasant odors and wastewater backups at bay. When properly cared for and maintained, a drain field can last up to 50 years. A drain field (also known as an absorption field) is a series of underground pipes connecting your home to the septic tank.

Essentially, the drain field takes the pre-processed wastewater from the septic tank and spreads it evenly throughout the soil and grass above. The core of a drain field is a series of perforated pipes that are surrounded by a layer of gravel. This gravel acts as a buffer to allow wastewater through, but it also helps keep solid waste from entering the soil and watercourses.

Septic tank drain fields are designed to work with gravity, allowing wastewater to flow through the pipes and into the ground. The septic tank is an oxygen-free environment where bacteria break down the solid waste (such as food scraps and feces) into sludge and liquid. The sludge sinks to the bottom of the tank and the liquid waste (such as soaps, oils and grease) floats to the top. Bacteria in the septic tank use up all the oxygen in this process, so when the tank is full only liquid waste flows out.

The septic tank sends the liquid waste to the drain field via a pipe, which is often buried under the ground and runs along the property line. The drain field is a large, open area of the yard that is usually flat and square, with trenches that are one to three feet deep, four to six feet wide and 100 to 200 feet long.

When the septic tank is not pumped regularly, solid waste enters the drain field and can block the perforated pipes in the leach field. This clogs the drain field and exposes soil, groundwater and surface water to disease-causing organisms from the sewage. The septic tank must be pumped at least every three to five years.

If you live in an area with a high rainfall or rapid snowmelt, the excess water may flood the drain field, interfering with its operation. A flooded drain field will not be able to absorb the wastewater, which may back up into your home and contaminate your indoor plumbing.

Avoid Drain Field Problems

To help prevent problems with your septic system, never flush any kind of solid waste down your toilets or drains, including food scraps, coffee grounds and pet waste. Fats, oils and grease (FOGs) can build up in the septic tank and cause a thick crust that can clog pipes. It is also important to schedule regular septic tank inspections and to have the septic tank pumped when needed.

If you are concerned about how your septic system is working, contact us for a septic tank inspection. We will be happy to inspect the system and recommend services as needed. We can also provide septic tank locating services to ensure that no new construction or landscaping projects are done over your leach field. It is always best to have the tank pumped before doing any landscaping. This protects the septic system from damage and allows for better, more efficient drainage.

Pumps

The pumps that are used to pump septic tanks are not the same as other common household or industrial pumps. Among other things, they are designed to handle sludge and solids, not liquids. In order to properly function they must be well-designed, engineered and manufactured to provide years of energy-efficient and reliable service. There are many different pump types and models available, so the selection process can be a little daunting at first. However, understanding what your pump will need to do can help narrow the choice substantially.

A septic tank pump is typically located in the last chamber of the septic tank or a separate, outside pump station. As the septic tank fills, a float switch is activated and an impeller is engaged. The septic tank pump is powered by an electrical motor and pumps waste up through the outflow pipe and out into your leach or drain field.

The septic tank pump is usually set to discharge a volume of effluent somewhere between the daily flow from the house and one-quarter of the daily flow. For a four bedroom home this amounts to between 150 and 600 gallons of effluent per dose. When the pump is operating correctly, it can be very quiet.

While septic tank pumps are generally very durable, they can be susceptible to damage from certain kinds of waste materials. This is particularly true of commercial or rental applications where there may be more items flushed down the drains. A septic tank filter, also known as a bristle filter, should be installed in front of the pump to protect it from these kinds of contaminants.

For situations where a gravity system cannot be utilized, or for homes that have septic tanks with a high discharge level, a submersible sewage pump can be used. These pumps are usually located in what is called a sump pit and act much like a basement water pump to move standing waste out of the area. It is important to use only quality septic tank pumps in a submersible environment and to consider a grinder pump for applications that require a sewage pump that will grind solids into a slurry and then pump the liquid slurry.

Drain Fields

Septic systems are essential in homes without access to a public sewer system. They are onsite sewage treatment facilities that use pipes and tanks to remove wastewater and then disperse it into the soil.

Wastewater and sewage flow by gravity from your house into a septic tank where solids settle down to form sludge, while oil and grease floats to the top as scum. Compartments and a T-shaped outlet prevent the sludge and scum from exiting into your drain field, ensuring that only liquid wastewater (effluent) leaves the septic tank. The liquid wastewater enters the drain field, where it gets further treated by microbes that work in the anaerobic environment to break down the remaining sludge and scum before it reaches the soil.

The drain field is a series of perforated pipes that are typically surrounded by a porous material like gravel. The pipes are spaced far apart to allow the wastewater time to be evenly distributed throughout the area. This process allows the soil to absorb the effluent, while keeping it from entering into groundwater or surface water sources.

Generally, a drain field can last between 20 and 30 years when it is properly cared for. However, a variety of factors can affect the longevity of your drain field. These include the quality of its initial setup, its proportion to the amount of wastewater it handles, the condition of your soil, and the regularity and type of maintenance undertaken.

Signs that your septic tank drain field may be failing include slow drainage, wastewater backup into sinks, toilets or showers, puddles on the surface of the ground near the septic tank and a foul odor. If you notice these signs, contact a septic service specialist for help with the problem.

To keep your septic drain field in good working order, make sure all gutter downspouts are directed away from the leach line. Keep vehicles, heavy equipment, and grazing animals away from the area, too. It’s also a good idea to avoid building anything over the drain field, including driveways and extra additions to your home. Make sure that trees and plants are not planted over the drain field, too. Lastly, be sure that your septic system is pumped every two to three years. Failure to pump the septic tank will lead to solids being carried into the drain field, where they will clog the pipelines.